Strange discovery: galaxies have been found that challenge the leading model of the universe (see photos).

Astronomers have discovered a group of five dwarf galaxies that, surprisingly to scientists, are aligned almost in a straight line in space, with most of them rotating in the same direction. Such characteristics cannot be explained by the prevailing model of the universe, based on the existence of cold dark matter, known as the Lambda-CDM model. The study has been published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters, reports Space.

The Lambda-CDM model suggests that dark matter, a mysterious invisible form of matter, helps to gravitationally bind large-scale structures like galaxies. It is believed that dark matter played a crucial role in the formation of these galaxies in the early universe. According to this primary model, dark matter leads to the emergence of chaotic groups of galaxies, meaning that galaxies should not be nearly aligned in a straight line in space.

Nevertheless, astronomers have identified five strangely interconnected galaxies situated in an isolated region of space approximately 117 million light-years away from us. These galaxies are arranged in an almost vertical line from north to south on a three-dimensional map of the universe. Researchers have also found that three of the five galaxies share the same rotational direction. Their northern parts are moving away from us, while the southern parts are approaching.

Scientists believe that the unusual characteristics of these interconnected galaxies can be best explained by the idea that they originated from the same gas clump. However, this contradicts the concept of cold dark matter, which underpins the Lambda-CDM model describing the evolution of the universe. Galaxies, especially dwarf galaxies, should not have such an arrangement.

According to the researchers, the exact distances to the galaxies are unknown, making it difficult to construct a complete three-dimensional picture of their positions in space. However, if these galaxies are indeed aligned in a line, it is likely that this can be explained by warm dark matter rather than cold dark matter. This hypothetical form of dark matter has particles that differ from those of cold dark matter, particularly regarding how they clustered together in the early universe.

Astronomers state that warm dark matter particles do not cluster as effectively as cold dark matter particles, which may have facilitated the formation of galaxies from the same gas cloud. As a result, the galaxies became more synchronized with each other in both position and rotation, leading to their peculiar connection.

However, no evidence for the existence of warm dark matter has yet been found, and the foundation of the Lambda-CDM model remains cold dark matter. If more similar galaxies are discovered, scientists believe that the primary model of the universe will need to be reconsidered.