Brain-shattering fluctuations: Researchers have discovered the cause of dementia development in the elderly.

Dementia is a serious illness that affects millions of people as they age, with no possibility of a cure. However, recent research has identified a potential source of this condition, and by addressing it, we may be able to reduce the risk of its development.

2025-01-31 07:48:44https://focus.ua/technologies/691077-kolebaniya-razrushayushchie-mozg-uchenye-nashli-prichinu-razvitiya-demencii-u-pozhilyh-lyudey

Older adults whose cholesterol levels fluctuate significantly from year to year may face an increased risk of dementia and cognitive decline, according to a new study by researchers. The study found that individuals with the most pronounced changes in cholesterol levels have a 60% higher risk of developing dementia and a 23% increased risk of mild cognitive impairment, an early stage of cognitive decline that can still progress to dementia, reports HealthDay.

According to Zhen Zhou, a research fellow at Monash University in Melbourne, Australia, and the lead author of the study published in the journal Neurology, the findings suggest that fluctuations in cholesterol levels may serve as a potential biomarker for identifying individuals at risk for dementia, providing additional information beyond the cholesterol level measurement itself, which is crucial for early detection of issues.

Previous studies have linked high cholesterol levels in midlife with cognitive decline in later years; however, the impact of cholesterol levels in older adults has remained less explored. Some research found no connection, while others suggested that low cholesterol levels might still increase the risk of dementia.

In an effort to clarify the true picture of its impact on older adults, researchers analyzed data from over 9,800 participants aged 65 and older who initially showed no signs of dementia or memory problems. Researchers measured cholesterol levels annually for four years and tested participants' memory skills each year. After the third year, they followed participants for an average of another five years, during which 509 individuals developed age-related dementia.

The study revealed a significant difference in the risk of developing dementia based on fluctuations in cholesterol levels. Among those with the highest fluctuations in cholesterol levels, dementia developed in 147 out of 2,408 participants, equating to 11.3 cases per 1,000 person-years. In contrast, among those with the lowest fluctuations, dementia developed in only 98 out of 2,437 individuals, or 7.1 cases per 1,000 person-years. The risk was specifically associated with fluctuations in total and "bad" cholesterol (LDL), while no association was found with "good" cholesterol (HDL) or triglycerides.

While the study established a clear link between cholesterol instability and dementia, researchers caution that it does not prove a direct cause-and-effect relationship. One possible explanation is that fluctuations in cholesterol levels may contribute to brain damage by altering the deposition of fatty plaques in the arteries, potentially leading to restricted blood flow or strokes. Additionally, such fluctuations may be a symptom of other chronic conditions that ultimately lead to cognitive decline.

Monitoring changes in cholesterol levels among older adults may help identify those at risk and allow for earlier interventions to support them, Zhou believes. Potential strategies may include lifestyle adjustments or ensuring that patients continue to take cholesterol-lowering statins to minimize fluctuations, according to the author.

This material is for informational purposes only and does not contain advice that could affect your health. If you are experiencing issues, please consult a specialist.